http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgs%20north.PDF

http://www.wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/Chapter%2001%20FINAL-1.pdf

Bengal District Gazeteers : 24 Parganas Gazeteer, L S S  O`Malley, Calcutta 1914